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Research Work Of Faculty Members Details of Research work undertaken during the last 3 years including those completed during the period. 1. Dr. Rakesh Ranjan An electrical power system, as a whole, is a complicated non-linear dynamic system, which can be mathematically represented by complex integro-differential equations requiring large computational time for solutions. The system is complex because it consists of generators, transformers, distribution lines and grid-interconnections between them with inherent accurate control system applications. A complete power system consists of generation, transmission and distribution systems. The research work was mainly concerned with optimal operation of electrical distribution systems (EDS). The studies have found that up to 13% of the total generated power is wasted as losses at the distribution level. The varying power requirement of the EDS cannot be properly estimated at all times. The changing nature of the system load and configuration needs dynamic optimization. This requires efficient load balancing by reconfiguring the topology of the distribution feeders. Hence, innovative algorithms are required to be developed for the decision-making process involved in the control of power flow. In the research work during last three years novel algorithms have been developed in the following areas of EDS. ¢ Power Loss Reduction · Improvement
in load balancing An efficient algorithm for load-flow solution of EDS has been developed since load flow analysis is an integral tool for optimization of distribution systems. AS part of the work, efficient Fuzzy Tuned Genetic Algorithm (FTGA) have been developed to find optimal solutions for loss minimization and load balancing using network reconfiguration. The algorithm uses simultaneous switching of the lines and can find solutions with reasonable computational effort for the computationally explosive network reconfiguration (switching) problem. A new voltage stability index has been proposed to identify the nodes that would be on the verge of voltage collapse. The proposed voltage stability index is calculated at each node of the network and has been compared with other known methods. ¢ Research Publications A International Journals: 1. B. Venkatesh, Rakesh Ranjan, "'FUZZY EP ALGORITHM AND DYNAMIC DATA STRUCTURE FOR OPTIMAL CAPACITOR ALLOCATION IN RADIAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS", IEE Proceedings - Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Volume 153, Issue 01, pp.80-86, January 2006. 2. Krishna Prasad, Nirod Chandra Sahoo, Ashvini Chaturvedi and Rakesh Ranjan "A SIMPLE APPROACH IN BRANCH CURRENT COMPUTATION IN LOAD FLOW ANALYSIS OF RADIAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS", International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education,paper no. 3871, Vol.43,2006. 3. A. Chaturvedi, K. Prasad, R. Ranjan," Use
of Interval Arithmetic to Incorporate the Uncertainty of Load demand
for Radial Distribution System Analysis", "IEEE Trans.
on Power Delivery, Vol.21, 5. Rakesh Ranjan, B. Venkatesh, D. Das,” Optimal Conductor Selection of Radial Distribution feeders”, International Journal of Power and Energy Systems (Accepted Paper number.203-3444). 6. Ashvini Chaturvedi, Krishna Prasad, Rakesh Ranjan,’’ A New Voltage Stability Index for Radial Distribution Network,” International Journal of Power and Energy Systems (Accepted Paper number.203-3454). 7. N.C. Sahoo, R. Ranjan, P.K. Dash, and G. Panda,” A NOVEL FEEDBACK LINEARIZING STATCOM CONTROLLER FOR POWER SYSTEM DAMPING” International Journal of Power and Energy Systems (Accepted Paper number.203-3566) 8. Prasad K, Sahoo N. C, Ranjan R, and Chaturvedi A,” A Hybrid Fuzzy-Genetic Algorithm for Optimal Reconfiguration of Radial Distribution Networks, Accepted in Asian Journal of Information Technology. 9. B Venkatesh and R Ranjan, “Fuzzy EP algorithm and dynamic data structure for optimal capacitor allocation in radial distribution system”, IEE proc-Gener Transm. Distribution, 153, (1) (2006). 10. G. Ramasamy, N. C. Sahoo, S. Jantan, and R. Ranjan, "A novel fuzzy logic based computational scheme for determination of current waveforms in switched reluctance motors", Accepted in AJIT 2005. 11. B. Venkatesh, Rakesh Ranjan, "'Fuzzy EP Algorithm and Dynamic Data Structure For Optimal Capacitor Allocation in Radial Distribution Systems’’. IEE Proceedings - Generation, Transmission and Distribution, Accepted paper No. GTD-2005-0054. 12. Krishna Prasad, Nirod Chandra Sahoo, Ashvini Chaturvedi and Rakesh Ranjan “a simple approach in branch current computation in load flow analysis of radial distribution systems”, International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education, 43 (2006). 13. Rakesh Ranjan, B. Venkatesh and D. Das,”Power Flow solution of Three-Phase unbalanced radial distribution networks”, Journal of Electrical Components and Systems (USA) 32 (4), (2004) 421-433. 14. B. Venkatesh and Rakesh Ranjan, "Optimal reconfiguration of Radial distribution system to maximize loadability ”, IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, 18 (4) (2004) 260-265. 15. Rakesh Ranjan, B. Venkatesh and D. Das, Power Flow solution of Three-Phase unbalanced radial distribution networks, Journal of Electrical Components and Systems (USA), 32 (4) (2004) 421-433. 16. B. Venkatesh and Rakesh Ranjan, Optimal reconfiguration of Radial distribution system to maximize loadability, IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, 18 (4) (2004) 260-265,. 17. A. Chaturvedi, K. Prasad and R. Ranjan, Use of Interval Arithmetic to Incorporate the Uncertainty of Load demand for Radial Distribution System Analysis, Accepted IEEE PES letters- PESL-00137 (2003). 18. B. Venkatesh and Rakesh Ranjan, Novel data structure for radial distribution system load flow analysis, IEE Proceedings - Generation, Transmission and Distribution, 150 (01) (2003) 101-106. 19. Rakesh Ranjan, B. Venkatesh and D. Das, Load flow algorithm of radial distribution networks incorporating composite load model, International Journal of Power and Energy Systems, 23, (1) (2003) 71-76. 20. R. Ranjan and D. Das, Novel computer Algorithm for Solving Radial Distribution Networks, Journal of Electrical Power Components and Systems (USA) 31 (1) (2003) 95-107. 21. Rakesh Ranjan, B. Venkatesh and D. Das, Voltage Stability Analysis of Radial Distribution Networks, (Paper No 6259) Journal of Electrical Power Components and Systems, (USA) 31 (5) (2003) 501-511. 22. B. Venkatesh, R.Ranjan and A. Arunagiri On Line ANN memory model Based method for unified OPF and voltage stability margin maximization Journal of Electrical Components and Systems (USA) 31 (5) (2003) 453-465. 23. B. Venkatesh and Rakesh Ranjan, Optimal Radial Distribution System Reconfiguration Using Fuzzy Adaptation of Evolutionary Programming, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems. 25 (10) (2003) 775-780. B. International Conferences: 16. R. Ranjan, N.C Sahoo, Ashvini Chaturvedi and Krishna Prasad, A Fuzzy Tuned Genetic Algorithm for Optimal Reconfigurations of Radial Distribution Network, Fourth IASTED International Conference on MODELLING, Simulation AND Optimization ~MSO 2004~ August 17-19, 2004, Hawaii, USA. 17. N C Sahoo, Rakesh Ranjan, P K Dash and G Panda, Nonlinear Control of Static Synchronous Compensator in a Distribution System, ICPS 2004, November 3 - 5, 2004, Kathmandu, Nepal. 18. R. Ranjan, N.C Sahoo, Ashvini Chaturvedi, Krishna Prasad, Loadability Index for Radial Distribution Systems, ICPS 2004, November 3 - 5, 2004, Kathmandu, Nepal. 19. R. Ranjan, N.C Sahoo, Ashvini Chaturvedi, Krishna Prasad, Reconfiguration of Radial Distribution Systems Using Fuzzy Mutated Genetic Algorithm, ICPS 2004, November 3 - 5, 2004, Kathmandu, Nepal. 20. R. Ranjan, N.C Sahoo, Ashvini Chaturvedi, Krishna Prasad, Predicting threshold loadability for weak buses in RDS using SVSI, International Conference on Modeling, Identification and Control (MIC 2004), Switzerland, Feb 2004. 21. K. Prasad, N. C. Sahoo, R. Ranjan, and A. Chaturvedi, An Improved Genetic Algorithm for Optimal Reconfiguration of Radial Distribution Systems, International Conference on Modeling, Identification and Control (MIC 2004), Switzerland, Feb 2004. 22. Krishna Prasad, Ashvini Chaturvedi, R. Ranjan, N.C. Sahoo, A Simple Algorithm for the Analysis of unbalanced three Phase Radial Distribution System, International Conference on Modeling, Identification and Control (MIC 2004), Switzerland, Feb 2004. 23. R. Gobbi, N. C. Sahoo and R. Ranjan, Torque Control of Switched Reluctance Motors by a Fuzzy Logic Based Hybrid Compensation Scheme, International Conference on Modeling, Identification and Control (MIC 2004), Switzerland, Feb 2004. 24. N.C. Sahoo, R. Ranjan, R.Gobbi, S.K.Panda, J.X.Xu, and Z.H.Liang, Torque Control of Switched Reluctance Motors using Iterative Learning Based Design of Current Waveforms, International Conference on Modeling, Identification and Control (MIC 2004), Switzerland, Feb 2004. 25. Rakesh Ranjan, Ashvini Chaturvedi, P.S. Solanki, D. Das, Optimal Conductor selection of Radial Distribution Feeders using Evolutionary Programming, IEEE International Conference, TENCON 2003, Bangalore, India, October 14-17,pp.456-459. 26. Rakesh Ranjan, Ashvini Chaturvedi, Krishna Prasad, Application of Interval Arithmetic for the Analysis of Radial Distribution System, IASTED International Conference on European Power and Energy Systems (Euro PES 2003), Spain 2003. 27. Rakesh Ranjan, Ashvini Chaturvedi, Krishna Prasad, Effects of reduced power line frequency and power factor on Radial Distribution System, IASTED International Conference on European Power and Energy Systems (Euro PES 2003), Spain 2003. 28. Rakesh Ranjan, Ashvini Chaturvedi, Krishna Prasad, Multi-level Interval Arithmetic based Load Flow Algorithm for Radial Distribution System, IASTED International Conference on European Power and Energy Systems (Euro PES 2003), Spain 2003 (Paper No- 409-266). 29. Rakesh Ranjan, Ashvini Chaturvedi, Krishna Prasad Computationally Efficient Algorithm for the Analysis of Radial Distribution Systems IASTED International Conference on European Power and Energy Systems (Euro PES 2003), Spain 2003(Paper No- 409-089). 30. R. Ranjan, B.Venkatesh, Ashwini Chaturvedi, Enhancement of Voltage Stability in Distribution Networks by Proposing Fractional Frequency Distribution Systems (FFDS), Proc. Fifth International Conference on Power and Energy system (PES 2003), FL, USA pp.431-436. 31. B.Venkatesh, Rakesh Ranjan, Radial system reconfiguration to maximize reliability IPEC 2003 NTU Singapore (Paper No. P1127). 32. A. Arunagiri, B.Venkatesh, Rakesh Ranjan," Application of genetic Algorithm to Electrical Power loss reduction", 4th Asia Pacific Conference on Simulation Evolution and Learning (SEAL 2002), Paper No 1109, Singapore, 2002 33. R. Ranjan, B.Venkatesh," Voltage Improvement of Distribution Networks by proposing Alternative Radial Distribution Systems", Proc. Fifth International Conference on Power and Energy system (PES2001), Nov.19-22, 2001,FL, USA. (Paper No: 328-045) 34. R. Ranjan and B. Venkatesh, " An applications of Genetic Algorithm and Expert System for Power Distribution Systems Planning", Proc. of International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Engineering and Technology (ICAIET), June 17-18, 2002 pp. 631-635 at UM Sabah, Kota Kinabalu. 35. R. Ranjan and B. Venkatesh, " Power Quality Issues: A Distribution Perspective" International conference CIRED 2002, Malaysia 36. R. Ranjan and B. Venkatesh, Alemahyue G/E, " Systematic approach for the loss reduction problem for power distribution systems" International conference CIRED 2002, Malaysia 37. B. Venkatesh and R. Ranjan " A simple evolutionary Programming based scheme for reconfiguration of Distribution Systems for Voltage Profile Improvement", CIRED 2002 38. B. Venkatesh and R. Ranjan " New Load Flow Method for Radial Distribution Systems with Dispersed generations" CIRED 2002 39. R. Ranjan, D.Das," Load Flow Algorithm of Radial Distribution Networks Incorporating Composite Load Model", Proceeding Fifth International Conference on Power and Energy system (PES2001), Nov.19-22, 2001,FL, USA. (Paper No: 328-030) 40. B.Venkatesh, Rakesh Ranjan, Unit Commitment through Fuzzy EP Method” IPEC 2003 NTU Singapore,(Paper No. P1132). 41. A novel Scheme of Load Forecasting Pertaining to long term Planning of a distribution system 2005, IEEE conference, Australia 2. Dr. Swaran Ahuja Projects: Handled following technology development projects in industry. ¢ Optical Networking: Analysis of emerging optical fiber technologies with regard to high-speed networking. This study was undertaken to suggest the most suitable solution, technically and commercially, for setting up a nation wide high speed data network keeping in view the current technology trends and market requirements. This wide area network (WANs) would link up enterprises in various cities of the country for exchange of data traffic. Usefulness of high-speed technologies like MPLS for optical fiber networks was also brought out. A technology report was prepared for internal use of the company. ¢ Wireless LAN Networks: Wireless LAN is an emerging area of high growth for providing
tetherless network connectivity to laptop machines. It is possible
to get benefit of all features of a networked machine through wireless
connection with the network. 802.11 b/g/a and now 802.11n constantly
are being introduced to enhance the through puts. In the research
work done, MAC layer studies were carried out, especially with
regard to contention window and a new constant contention window
was proposed as alternative solution to cut transmission delays
and hence enhance throughputs. The results were presented at National
Communication Conference 2004 held at I.I.Sc Bangalore. Currently working in the area of software defined radio addressing the issues of implementing RF subsystems in aradio through DSP. ¢ Research Publication 3. Dr. S. C. Tripathy ¢ Modelling and Simulation of HVDC A new type of mathematical modelling of dc cable across the Baltic ocean between Finland and Sweden was developed for subsychronous resonance study of turbine shaft of ac generators in a power station located in Finland was developed and reported in the following paper : S. C. Tripathy, “Modelling and Simulation of HVDC”, Electric Machines and Power Systems 31 (11) 2003. ¢ Evaluation of Transformer Loading Capability Frequently the distribution transformer has to carry overload under emergency condition in a power system. The overloading capability of transformer is decided by the temperature rise of transformer oil as established in the following paper : S.C. Tripathy and E. Lakervi, “Evaluation of Transformer Overloading Capability”, European Transactions on Electric Power 15 (2005) Wiley 455-464. ¢ Power Quality Improvement A dual converter power electronic device was developed to reduce
supply current harmonics in the AC / DC system supplying RL load
as reported in the following paper : S. C. Tripathy, International
Journal of Energy, Environment and Economics, 2006, New York (U.S.A), ¢ Expert System Application Observabily of some input data are required for successful implementation of state Estimation algorithm in power system. The algorithm needs an expert system on topological observability as reported in the following paper : S. C. Tripathy, Amit Jain and R. Balasubramanian, “Expert System Application to Topological Observability of Power System”, Engineering Intelligent Systems, CRL Publication (U. K) 11 (1) (2003) 31-42. ¢ Subsynchronous Resonance Prof. S. C. Tripathy was previously (prior to 2001) working as a research engineer at Teollisuden Voima oy, Finland in a nuclear power company. After he joined ITM, Gurgaon, Haryana as a Professor he extended the same his work in Finland. In the nuclear power plant, the shafts of turbine generator were vibrating under overload D. C. power condition; the D. C. power was being transmitted from A. C. power plant (nuclear) from Finland to Sweden over a sea cable channel equipped with A. C. / D. C. converters. This phenomenon is known as subsychronous resonance. This phenomenon occurs because of constant D. C. current control of the D. C. power channel. Therefore, a research project was initiated to minimize the effect of subsynchronous resonance on the shafts of turbine generators. Filters and compensators were designed and implemented in the control system of the sea D. C. channel to mitigate this effect. The other laymen approach was probably to reduce the D. C. power level transmitted over the D. C. channel, which was effective very many times. ¢ Research Publications A International Journals : 1. S.C. Tripathy, Modelling and Simulation of HVDC, Electric Machines and Power Systems 31 (11) (2003). 2. S.C. Tripathy, E. Lakervi, Evaluation of Transformer Loading Capability, European Transactions on Electrical Power2 (2003) Offenbach (Germany). 3. S.C. Tripathy, Power Quality Improvement by Reducing Supply Current Harmonics, Accepted for publication in International Journal of Energy, Environment and Economics (USA) (2003). 4. S.C. Tripathy, et al, Expert System Application to Topological Observability of Power Systems, Accepted for publication in Engineering Intelligent Systems, CRL Publishing Ltd.(U.K) 2003. B National Journal/ Conference Papers : 5. S. C. Tripathy, “Demand Side Management and Customer Service in Competitive Electricity Market in Finland”, Journ. Of Central Board of Irrigation and Power, New Delhi 14 (1) (2004) 42-49. 6. S.C. Tripathy, Modelling and Simulation of HVDC, Electric Machines and Power Systems 31 (11) (2003). 7. S.C. Tripathy, E. Lakervi, Evaluation of Transformer Loading Capability, European Transactions on Electrical Power 2 (2003) Offenbach (Germany). 8. S.C. Tripathy, Power Quality Improvement by Reducing Supply Current Harmonics, Accepted for publication in International Journal of Energy, Environment and Economics (USA) (2003). 9. S.C. Tripathy, et al, Expert System Application to Topological Observability of Power Systems, Accepted for publication in Engineering Intelligent Systems (2003) CRL Publishing Ltd., U.K. 4. Dr. D. K. Roy ¢ Physics of Semiconductor Devices (Second Edition), Universities Press (India) Private Limited, Hyderabad, 2004 Over the last couple of years, the author has been engaged in establishing the theoretical basis of the Quantum Mechanical Tunnelling Effect and its applications to Semiconductor Devices. After joining I.T.M., Gurgaon he formally wrote the second edition of the book, mentioned above. It is a comprehensive and up-to-date text providing a lucid perspective of the important concepts and applications of semiconductor devices. This book emphasises a logical development of the subject and maintains a rigour in the analytical discussions. A description of the quantum mechanical tunnel effect on the principles of quantum measurement and observations is also presented, along with a discussion of its applications in the analysis of the I-V characteristics of semiconductor tunnel devices. The concepts are illustrated with numerous worked examples. Carefully selected problems are also included at the end of each chapter. With its simple style, it should form a highly useful text for the B.Tech students of Electronics and Communication Engineering of Indian Universities. It also includes appendices on amorphous semiconductors and technology of Semiconductor Devices. ¢ Principles of VLSI, Galgotia Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2005 As may be ascertained by going through author’s biodata that he has been also an experimental physicist by virtue of his Japanese training. On the basis of his teaching and experimental skills he also authored the above mentioned book while at ITM, which is expected to be highly useful to B. E. students of Electronics and Communications Engineering because of the following reasons: With the advances in ultra large-scale integration, the semiconductor industry is now on the brink of logic integrated circuits packed with over hundred million transistors, whose dimensions are smaller than even the wavelength of light. This trend, together with the never-ending demand for maximum speed and minimum power has shaped a new era in which complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) and bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor (BiCMOS) technologies have found themselves gaining importance and attracting keen interest in digital, analong and even radio frequency IC design. It becomes therefore necessary, to know about such applications in a nutshell. This book is a modest attempt to such an effort. 5. Dr. Manoj K Pandey ¢ Compact Modeling of Ultra-Thin Body SOI MOSFETs As mainstream CMOS technologies continue to scale into the nanometer regime, non-classical structures are emerging, and one of the promising candidates is the ultra-thin body (UTB) SOI MOSFETs, although its concepts and modeling has started in the 90’s. From the electrical modeling point of view, it can be built upon existing infrastructure of bulk CMOS compact models, with extension to handle partially-depleted (PD) and fully-depleted (FD) device operations. A unified approach to modeling FD/PD UTB MOSFET charge and current, combining surface-potential and threshold-voltage-based formalisms will be adopted to build a compact UTB SOI MOSFET model for circuit simulation. ¢ Modeling of Double Gate SOI MOSFETs Double-gate SOI MOSFET is one of the most cherished devices of the non-classical MOS transistor structures which are being investigated for extending the technology roadmap well beyond 45nm node. Double-gate (DG) MOS transistors are expected to take the CMOS scaling beyond 2015. While the technology for realizing these structures is under development, it is important to have the compact models which can be plugged into a circuit simulator to design the circuit blocks. Compact models define the interface between the CMOS process capability and integrated circuit design. Model formulation plays a significant role on the circuit design activities. Research Publications 2. Manoj k Pandey, sujata pandey, anil ahlawat, A fast and robust approach for modeling of nano scale Compound Semiconductor for high speed digital application, Journal of Semiconductor science and Technology, vol 6, No.3, September’2006 3. Manoj Pandey, alok kushwaha, Pearson –IV type doping distribution based DM DG SOI MOSFET, Microwave and Optical Technology letters, vol.48, no. 4, April 2007 4. Alok Kushwaha, Manoj K Pandey, Sujata Pandey and A.K. Gupta, “Analysis of 1/f noise in fully depleted n-channel Double-gate MOSFET”, Journal of Semiconductor Science and Technology 5 (3) (2005). 5. Manoj K. Pandey & Alok Kushwaha, “Effect of Flicker Noise in SOI MOSFET” Journal of Semiconductor Science and technology 5 (3) (2005) 69-76. . Manoj Kumar Pandey and Alok Kushwaha “Analysis of Thermal Noise in double gate SOI MOSFET”, APMC, New lhi (2004). B. National Journal/ Conference Papers : “Effect of implantation on design aspects of double gate SOI MOSFET”, IWPSD-2003. pp 570-572. by Manoj K. Pandey & Alok Kushwaha 8. “Analysis of Thermal Noise in double gate SOI MOSFET”,APMC, 2004New Delhi by Manoj K. Pandey & Alok Kushwaha 9. “Effect of Flicker Noise in SOI MOSFET” ( communicated to Journal of Semoconducter Technology & science, Korea ) by Manoj K. Pandey & Alok Kushwaha 6. Dr. A. K. Nigam ¢ Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) and its Effects: Abstract: In recent years there has been considerable discussion and concern about the possible hazards of electromagnetic radiation (EMR), including both RF (Radio Frequency) energy and power frequency (50-60 Hz) electromagnetic fields. All life on Earth has adapted to survive in an environment of weak, natural low-frequency electromagnetic fields (in addition to the Earth's static geomagnetic field). But in the last 100 years, man-made fields at much higher intensities and with a very different spectral distribution have altered this natural EM background in ways that are not yet fully understood. The paper discusses the possible approaches to reduce the potential problems. ¢ The Essence of Teamwork: Abstract : Most of the large and ambitious goals cannot be accomplished by group of people who are motivated by their personal priorities, ambitions and goals. The group of people has to be consciously converted to a well-knit team before they can achieve any sizable target. Paper discusses methods to convert a group of people into a well knit team. ¢ Paradigm Shift from Teaching to Learning in Current Higher Technical Education Environment: Abstract: With current global trend of privatization of technical education the number of colleges and institute imparting higher technical education has mushroomed within a short time and is likely to see further quantum jump in near future. In order to ensure quality of passing out graduates certain measures should be adopted at college and institute level so that they attain certain minimum prescribed standard before passing out. Teachers will have to play an important and dominant role for meeting this requirement. This paper discusses one of the possible approaches to be taken by teachers Research Publications: Published and available on Internet at : 1. http://www.goarticles.com/cgi-bin/showa.cgi?C=43214
3. National Conference on Latest Developments in Technology at ITM Gurgaon on 20 April 2006. Also available at internet site http://members.ezinearticles.com/index.php?type=pv&item=172836&author=Anil%20Nigam&pass=xXBKZf56hFMQI under ID 1728364. Introduction and Brief History of Satellites and Communication Satellites: Published and available at internet site: http://members.ezinearticles.com/index.php?type=pv&item=0348&author=Anil%20Nigam&pass=xXBKZf56hFMQIunder ID 130348 7. Mr. L. N. DAS ¢ Research & Development, Consultancy- Some basic concept and its implementation. The paper has been presented at the national Seminar at ITM, Gurgaon. The paper highlights the basic concept of research and development activities in an academic institution and also in a national laboratory with particular reference to facilities and financial support available for such R & D activities. The role of a consultant and the concept of consultancy have also been dealt with in broad details. ¢ Design consideration for Interface electronics for MEMS. The paper has been presented at the national seminar on advanced technology held at ITM, Gurgaon. The paper highlights the difficulties in designing a suitable interface electronics circuits for an appropriate sensors. How Design difficulties are eliminated by suitable designing and selection of components has been discussed. ¢ Recent trend in Industrial measurement and automation. The paper has been presented at the national seminar on advanced technologies at ITM, Gurgaon. The paper highlights the most recent trends in the measurements and automation technology using state of the art development in hardware and software in autimation technology. The trends discusses the development during the last two decades in the industrial front. 8. Mr J P SHIVHARE ¢ High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) microwave
filters for communication payloads of satellites. ¢ Nanotechnology:
Our gateway to everything in 21st century. A Research Publications 1. International journal on Superconductor science and Technology (U.K.) 15 (2002) 983-85. 2. Nanotechnology : Its Applications and Future. B Conference proceedings J. P. Shivhare DDU/Delhi University, during 20-23 (2006) 251-253. 8. Mr. Alok Kushwaha ¢ Effect of implantation on design aspects of double gate SOI MOSFET, IWPSD-2003. pp 570-572., Chennai, India An analytical 2-dimentional analysis for potential distribution and threshold voltage of a fully depleted double gate Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) MOSFET with Pearson-IV doping profile is presented. The results show an excellent agreement with the simulated data. ¢ Analysis of thermal noise in fully depleted n-channel double-gate soi mosfet, apmc’04, New Delhi, India An analysis of the Channel thermal noise in Double Gate SOI MOSFET is proposed. It was found that the thermal noise is strong function of various biases and that of channel length. This type of noise depends on the channel doping profile. It is also found that the Double gate SOI MOSFET s exhibits full functionality at high temperature and is more immune to noise then their counterpart single gate SOI MOSFET. The effect of temperature on the channel resistance has been investigated. ¢ Analysis of noise in fully depleted n-channel double gate soi mosfet, journal of semiconductor technology and science, pp 65-76, Sept 2005, Korea An analysis of the or flicker noise in FD n-channel Double Gate SOI MOSFET is proposed. In this paper, the variation of power spectral density (PSD) of the equivalent noise voltage and noise current with respect to frequency, channel length and gate-to-source voltage at various temperatures and exponent ( ) is reported. The temperature is varied from to room temperature. The variation of PSD with respect to channel length down to technology is considered. It is analyzed that noise in FD n-channel Double Gate SOI MOSFET is due to both carrier-density fluctuations and mobility-fluctuations. But controversy still exits to its origin. ¢ Back propagation neural network model for thermal noise in FD DG SOI-MOSFET using Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm, pp.224-229, Mateit-2006, New Delhi, India In this paper, the thermal noise model of a n-channel FD DG SOI-MOSFET using an artificial neural network technique is presented. The technique used is Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm in Backpropagation Neural Network. The ANN technique was used to model the thermal noise behavior of a device with the gate length and temperature over the frequency range from It is found that the double gate SOI MOSFETs exhibits full functionality at high temperature and is more immune to noise than single gate SOI MOSFET. The good agreement was observed between measured and simulated Noise Spectral Density . Matlab was used to simulate the Artificial Neural Network. Research Publication ¢ Alok Kushwaha, Manoj K Pandey, S Pandey and A K Gupta, “Backpropagation neural network model for thermal noise in FD DG SOI MOSFET using L-M Algorithm”, National conference on mathematical techniques on emerging paradigms of electronics and IT” New Delhi. (2006) 224 –229. 9 Mr. Arun Kumar ¢ Aperture Coupled Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna with Slits The main features of design proposed in this paper are : § Cross coupling slot were used for symmetric excitation of two nearly degenerate modes. § Air gap was introduced for bandwidth enhancement § Size reduction as well as CP were obtained using slits cut in the patch 10. Mr. P. D. Ravi Kumar 11. Mrs. Anjali Garg ¢ Rough Set Theory and its applications in Power
Distribution Research Publication 1 National conference on Power Distribution held in Delhi College
of Engineering, Delhi (2004). 13. Mr. Nitin Malik ¢ Research and Development Interest includes soft computing applications to Radial Power Distribution System security and reliability analysis, optimization and control. Research Publications A National Journal: 1. Nitin Malik, “Quality in Technical Education in new Millennium”, Indian Journal of Technical Education, Oct-Dec 2005. B International Conference: 2. Nitin Malik and L. Srivastava, “Knowledge-Based Neural Network for Line flow Contingency Selection & Ranking”, Asian Conference on ‘Intelligent systems & Networks, Center for Advanced Technology, Haryana Engg. College, Jagadhri, Haryana, Feb 2006, pp.64-67, http://cogprints.org/4361 C National Conference 3. Nitin Malik and Pyare Mohan Tiwari, “Neuro-Fuzzy Systems: an overview, applications and key issues”, Conference on ‘Communication & Computational techniques: current and future trends’, Directorate of Technical Education, Govt. of Uttaranchal in association with TEQIP, World Bank, held at DIT, Dehradun, Feb 2006, pp.164-167. 4. Nitin Malik and L. Srivastava, “Knowledge-Based Conceptual
Neural Network for Line flow Contingency Selection & Ranking’,
National Conference on ‘Energy, Communication and Computer systems’,
MAIT, Delhi, Feb 2006 6. Nitin Malik, “Quality Assurance in Technical Education”, National Conference on ‘Technical Education and Socio-Economic Development’, Directorate of Technical Education, Govt. of Uttaranchal in association with TEQIP, World Bank, DIT, Dehradun, May 2005. ¢ CSIR Project As a Co-Principal Investigator, a research proposal titled “Power Quality Studies in Radial Distribution System in Deregulated Electricity Market using soft computing” has been submitted to CSIR to provide financial support/budget of Rs. 12,39,509.00. The project has an industrial significance not only to power utility companies, like Power Grid Corporation of India, Power Trading Corporation (PTC), but also of interest to Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC), State Electricity Boards (SEB), Water & Power Consultancy Services. 14. Ms Kiranpal Kaur ¢ FPGA Implementation of AES for Network Security This research work includes VHDL coding of Advanced Encryption Standard and its implementation on FPGA. This paper shows how encryption rate has been increased by hardware implementation and also security has been improved by using AES instead of DES. The encryption rate of 70 Mbits/sec was achieved. ¢ Key Scheduling method for High Performance Implementation of DES for Network Security This research work includes VHDL coding of Data Encryption Standard and its implementation on FPGA. This paper shows how encryption rate has been increased by hardware implementation and also introduced better key scheduling method for increasing the encryption rate. Research Publications 1. Kiranpal Kaur, International Conference(CNFE-05) at APIIT, SD India. 2. Kiranpal Kaur, National Conference CIEE-05 at SLIET, Longowal. 15. Mrs. Himani Kaushal ¢ Mobile Computing & it Applications: In this programme mobile agents and their suitability in the
mobile computing environment is discussed. The concept of network
integration for optimization of data transfer to mobile system
is also studied. In this work a comparative analysis of various 3G technologies is done on the basis of the dominant 3G Technology depending upon economic aspects, like terminal cost as well as geographical footprints for global roaming facilities. ¢ Design, Simulation & Analysis of C-Band Filter : In this work design schemes for 5 section Hairpin line microstrip bandpass filter have been designed. ¢ Simulation and Analysis of Optical CDMA System : This work includes various coding schemes for optical CDMA communication techniques with optical orthogonal codes. OOC is family of (0, 1) sequence with good auto correlation and cross correlation properties. This paper presents design and analysis of Optical orthogonal codes with tools from greedy algorithm, iterative construction, and combinatorial disciplines. In this paper we investigate the properties of optical CDMA by generation of optical orthogonal codes using greedy algorithm and based upon the results of the simulation in MATLAB the probability of error is calculated. 4. Research Publications : 1. Himani Kaushal, “National Symposium on Emerging Trends in Networking & Mobile Communication-2003” held at Punjab Engineering College on (2003). 2. Himani Kaushal, “3G Technologies”, in “National Conference in Emerging Trends in Wireless Technologies” held at Sri Sukhmani Institute of Engineering & Technology on April 16-17, 2005. 3. Himani Kaushal, “Design, Simulation & Analysis of C-band Microstrip bandpass Filter for Ground and Space Applications”, National Conference on Modern Trends in Information and Communication Technology” held at Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College on Oct 20-22,2005. 4. Himani Kaushal, “Simulation and Analysis of Optical CDMA System Based. On Optical Orthogonal Codes.” in National Conference on Modern Trends in Information an d Communication Technology” held at Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College on Oct 20-22,2005 . B Conference proceedings 1. Paper presented on “Mobile Computing” in National symposium on “Emerging Trends in Network & Mobile Communication” held in PEC, Chandigarh by Ms. Hemani Sharma, 2004 2. Paper presented on “General concepts in Communication” in Technical Teachers Training Institute, Chandigarh, by Ms. Hemani Sharma, 2004. 3. Paper presented on “Mobile Computing” in NCMTICT Ambala, Chandigarh by Ms. Hemani Sharma, 2005 16. Ms. SUBHASH KASHYAP 1. Mukesh C. Dimri, Subhash C. Kashyap, D.C.Dube and S.K. Mohanta, “Complex permittivity and permeability of Co-substituted NiCuZn ferrite at rf and microwave frequencies”, J. of Electroceramics 16 (4), 331-335 (July 2006). 2. Mukesh C. Dimri, A. Verma, Subhash C. Kashyap, and D.C. Dube, O.P. Thakur and Chandra Prakash, “Structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of NiCuZn ferrite grown by citrate precursor method”, Materials science and Engineering B 133, 42-48 (August 2006) 3. Mukesh C. Dimri, Subhash C. Kashyap, and D.C. Dube, “Complex permittivity and permeability of Co2U Ba4Co2Fe36O60) hexaferrite bulk and composite thick films at microwave frequencies”, IEEE-Trans. Magn. 42(11) 3635-3640 (November 2006) 4. Nutan Gupta, A. Verma, Subhash C. Kashyap and D. C. Dube, “Microstructural, dielectric and magnetic behavior of spin deposited nanocrystalline nickel-zinc ferrite thin films for microwave applications”, J. Mag. Mag. Mat. 308, 137-42 (January 2007 5. Nutan Gupta, Subhash C. Kashyap and D. C. Dube, “Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of Citrate-Route Processed Li-Co Spinel Ferrites”, Phys. Stat. Solidi, A (accepted, February 2007) DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING (CSE) 17. Prof Ranjit Biswas Published/accepted in “FOUNDATION OF COMPUTER & DECISION SCIENCES” (Europe) Biswas R., Fixed point theorem in rough metric spaces, Found.
Comp. & Decision Sciences 24(1999) 13-20. Ghosh,S., Alam,S.S., Biswas,R., Reduction of Decision Tables Using Rough Approach, accepted for publication in “Foundation of Computing & Decision Sciences” Published/ accepted in “ COMPUTER AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE : An International Journal” (Czech) Biswas, R., Modified fuzzy sets, Revised version communicated to Computer. & Artificial Intelligence. Chakraborty, K., Biswas, R., and Nanda, S., On Yager's theory of bags and fuzzy bags, Int. Jou. Comp. and Artificial Intelligence. 18(1) (1999) 1-17. Published/accepted in “FUZZY SETS AND SYSTEMS : An International Journal ” (Germany) Biswas, R., Fuzzy fields and fuzzy linear spaces redefined, Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 33 (1989) 257-259. Biswas, R., Fuzzy subgroups and anti fuzzy subgroups, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 35 (1990) 121-124. Biswas, R., A report on some works on fuzzy sets, Fuzzy Sets and Systems. Bull. Sec. 36 (1990) [this is not a research paper but a report only] Biswas, R., Rosenfeld's fuzzy subgroups with interval-valued membership functions, Fuzzy sets and Systems. 63 (1994) 87-90. Biswas, R., An application of fuzzy sets in students' evaluation, Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 74(1995) 187-194. Biswas, R., R-partition of rings, Fuzzy sets and systems. 94 (1998) 403-404. Biswas, R., m-partition of groups, Revised Version communicated to Fuzzy Sets and Systems. Chakraborty, K., Biswas, R. and Nanda, S., On fuzzy metric spaces, Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 99 (1998) 111-114. Chakraborty, K., Biswas, R. and Nanda, S., Fuzzy shadows, Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 101 (1999) 413-421. Chakraborty, K., Biswas, R. and Nanda, S., Fuzzy L-structures, Fuzzy Sets and System. 103 (1999) 177-182. Chakraborty, K., Biswas, R. and Nanda, S., A note on union and intersection of fuzzy sets, Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 105 (1999) 499-502 Chakraborty, K., Biswas, R. and Nanda,S., Fuzziness in rough sets, Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 110 (2000) 247-251. Dr. S.K., Biswas, R. and Roy, A.R., An application of Intuitionistic fuzzy sets in medical diagnosis, Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 117(2001) 209-213. Dr. S.K., Biswas R. and Roy A.R., some operations on Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 114 (2000) 477-483. Dr.S.K., Biswas R. and Roy A.R., On extended fuzzy relational database model with proximity relations, Fuzzy Sets and Systems.117(2001) 195-201. Roy M.K. AND Biswas R., I-v fuzzy relations and Sanchez's approach
for medical diagnosis, Fuzzy Sets and Systems. 47 (1992) 35-38. Biswas R., Fuzzy inner product spaces and fuzzy norm functions, Inform. Sc. 53(1991) 185-190. Published/accepted in “INFORMATION” : An International Journal” (Japan) C. B. Akki and Ranjit Biswas, Intuitionistic Fuzzy Routing, accepted for publication in “INFORMATION : An International Journal”. Published/accepted in “FUNDAMENTA INFORMATICA : An International Journal” (Europe) Biswas R., On I-v fuzzy subgroups, Fundamenta Informatica. 26(1)
(1996) 1-9. Majhi,P., Roy,A.R., Biswas,R., “Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Sets : An Application”, International Journal of Fuzzy Mathematics. 9, 3 (2001) 677 – 691. Majhi,P., Roy,A.R., Biswas,R., “On Soft Sets : An Application”, International Journal of Fuzzy Mathematics. 9, 3 (2001) 589 - 602 Biswas, R., On fixed fuzzy set theorems, the Jou. of Fuzzy. Maths. 3(3) (1995)611-615. Biswas, R., On fixed fuzzy set theorems in fuzzy metric spaces, The Jou. of Fuzzy Maths. 5(3)(1997) 535-541. Biswas, R., Multi-criteria based decision making: a fuzzy approach, The Jou. of Fuzzy Maths. 7(1999) 67-72. Biswas, R., Common fixed fuzzy set theorems in fuzzy metric spaces, The Jou. of Fuzzy Maths. 6(1998) 631-636. Biswas, R., On Modified sets and fuzzy modified sets, The Jou. of Fuzzy Maths. 6(1998) 621-629. De, S. K. Biswas, R. and Roy, A.R., Multicriteria based decision making using intutionistic fuzzy approach, The Jou. of Fuzzy Maths 6(4) (1998) 837-842 De, S. K., Biswas, R. and Roy, A.R., Finding attribute dependency in an information system, The Jou. of Fuzzy Maths. 7(1999 ) 335-344. Biswas, R., Determination of Membership values using Adjectivalmeter,
The Jou. of Fuzzy Maths. 7(1999) 671-676. Biswas, R., On rough sets and fuzzy rough sets, Bull. Pol. Sc. (Maths), Comp. Sc. Series, 42(4) (1994) 345-349. Biswas, R., On rough fuzzy sets, Bull. Pol. Aca. Sc. (Maths), Comp. Sc. Series, 42(4) (1994) 351-355. Biswas, R., Optimal fuzzy set out of n alternatives, Bull. Pol. Aca, Sc. (Tech. Sc.), 45(4) (1997) 657-662. Biswas, R., and Nanda, S., Rough groups, Bull. Pol. Aca. Sc. (Maths) 42 (3) (1994) 251-254. Chakraborty, K., Biswas, R. and Nanda, S., Nearest ordinary set of a fuzzy set, a rough theoretic construction, Bull. Pol. Aca. Sc. (Tech. Series). 46 (1998) 103-112. Published/accepted in “BULL. POUR. LES. SOUS. ENS FLOUS. APPL”
(France) Biswas, R., Intuitionistic fuzzy relations, Bull. Pour. Flous. Appl. 70(1997) 22-29. Chakrabarty,K., Biswas,R., Nanda, S., Union and intersection of fuzzy sets - Bulletin pour les Sous Ensembles Flous et leurs Applications 71(1997)40-45. Biswas, R., Rough Sets are Fuzzy sets, BUSEFAL. (in Press) Biswas, R., Square Zero: Reducing Vagueness in Zero, Bull. Pour.
Flous. Appl. (January 1997). 172-182. Biswas, R., Similarity measurement in IFSs, NIFS. 2(3)(1996)5-14. Biswas, R., Intuitionistic fuzzy subgroups, NIFS. 3(2)(1997)53-60. Biswas, R., On fuzzy sets and Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, NIFS 3(1997)3-11 Chakrabarty,K., Biswas,R., Nanda, S., On IF-Bags -Notes on IFS 5(2) (1999). Chakraborty, K., Biswas, R, and Nanda, S., A note on union and intersection of Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, NIFS. 3(4) (1997) 34-39 De, S.K., Biswas, R. and Roy, A. R., On Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, NIFS. 4 (1998) 28-33. De, S. K., Biswas, R. and Roy, A. R., Optimal selection of the most suitable method out of n-alternatives: an Intuitionistic fuzzy approach, accepted in NIFS. 3(1997) 97-104. Published/accepted in “International Journal of Intelligent System” (USA) Biswas, R., An application of Yager’s Bag Theory in Multicriteria Based Decision Making Problems, Int. Jou. of Int. System. 14(12) (1999) 1231-1238. S.S.Alam,S.Goush & R.Biswas, "Reduction of the Decision Table:A Rough Approach", International Journel of Intelligent Systems, Vol-19(12),pp1143-1150 Published/accepted in “An International Journal of Computer and Mathematics with Applications”(Czech) Majhi,P., Roy,A.R., Biswas,R., An Application of Soft Logic in Decision Making Problems, accepted for publication in “An International Journal of Computer and Mathematics with Applications” (in Press). Published/accepted in “Asian Journal of Information Technology” Abdillateef, W. M., B. H. Nabeel, and Ranjit Biswas, An Essential Tool for Module Management in Software Development Organizations, Asian Journal of Information Technology Vol.3 (11): 1013-1019, 2004 Sasikumaran Sreedharan and Ranjit Biswas, A Multiphase Approach for Recognition of Handwritten Arabic Characters, Asian Journal of Information Technology Vol.3 (11): 1180-1187, 2004 Published/accepted in “European Journal of Scientific Research” Biswas, R., T-fuzzy numbers for fuzzy computing, accepted (in Press). Biswas, R., Nucleus of information : a fuzzy mode, accepted (in Press). Published/accepted in “International Journal of Computational Cognition” (USA) Ahmad A. Al-Rababah and Ranjit Biswas, Rough Vague Sets in an approximation Space, accepted for publication in International Journal of Computational Cognition (in Press now). Ranjit Biswas, Vague Groups, International Journal of Computational Cognition (IJCC), Vol.4, No.2, 2006, (in Press now) Sadeq Al-Hamouz and Ranjit Biswas, Fuzzy Functional Dependencies in Relational Databases, International Journal of Computational Cognition (IJCC), Vol.4, No.1, 2006, (in Press now) A. K. Dutta, A. Q. Ansari and Ranjit Biswas, A Method of Intelligent Search, International Journal of Computational Cognition (IJCC), Vol.4, No.2, 2006, (in Press now) Published/accepted in OTHERS ( like Proceedings of International Conferences, Books etc.) :- Ansari, A.Q., Biswas,R., A New Method of Search Using Fuzzy Logic, accepted for publication in the Proceedings of WICS’2002 (Workshop In Information & Computer Science), March 17-18, Dammam. (Saudi Arab). Rizvi,S., Nadeem,D., Naqvi, H.J., Biswas,R., Recognition of Spoken Digits : A Statistical Analysis, accepted for publication in the Proceedings of WICS’2002 (Workshop in Information & Computer Science), March 17-18, Dammam. (Saudi Arab). Dutta, Ashit., Ansari, A.Q., and Biswas, R., A Method Of Intelligent Search To Answer Queries In Relational Databases, accepted in the IEEE Conference IEEE-IS-06 (UK) to be held in UK in September’2006. (http://ieeeis06.wmin.ac.uk) Alam, Afshar., and Biswas, R., Object Oriented Implementation of Method Applied for Normalization, accepted in the IEEE Conference IEEE-IS-06 (UK) to be held in UK in September’2006. (http://ieeeis06.wmin.ac.uk) Amer Nizar Abu-Ali, Rakesh Ranjan and Ranjit Biswas, A Soft-Computing Method For System Reliability, accepted in the IEEE Conference IEEE-IS-06 (UK) to be held in UK in September’2006. (http://ieeeis06.wmin.ac.uk) Chakraboty, K., Biswas, R. and Nanda, S., Rough lattices, Proceedings of 7th International IFSA’ 97 Congress (Czech Republic, Prague)Vol-II, page 232-236. De, S. K., Biswas, R. and Roy, A. R., Intuitionistic fuzzy database, Proceedings of the second International Conference on Intuitionistic fuzzy set theory, Sofia 3-4 October (1998), NIFS (4) (1998) 34-41. Alam,A., Sharfuddin,A., Biswas,R., On Intuitionistic Fuzzy Databases, accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the “8th International Conference on Fuzzy Theory and Technology” to be held in Durham, North Carolina, during March 8-12,2002. (USA). Jamil,A., Ansari,A.Q., Biswas,R., A Proposal For a New Generation of Computers”, accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the “8th International Conference on Fuzzy Theory and Technology” to be held in Durham, NorthCarolina, during March 8-12, 2002. (USA). C. B. Akki and Ranjit Biswas, On Intuitionistic Fuzzy Routing, Proceedings of the 7th International IT Conf.ICIFS’2003, 23-24 August (Page 77-82), Sofia. Biswas, R., A case of management decision making problem: solution by a computer based fuzzy approach, in the book “OPERATION RESEARCH – THEORY & PRACTICE” by Kapoor and Sehgal, Spaniel Publishers, New Delhi (1995). Research Activities at International Level :- Permanent Member in the “Editorial Board” of the following foreign international journals in the area of Computer Science and Natural Sciences (Published from Japan, Pakistan, Bulgaria, Europe) :- (i) "INFORMATION - AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL" (ii) "ASIAN JOURNAL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY" (iv) “EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH” (v) “EURO-ASIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCE” (vi) “EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY AND ADVANCED ENGINEERING RESEARCH” (www.eurojournals.com) (vii) “European Journal of Economics, Finance & Administrative
sciences”, (viii) “European Journal of Social Sciences”, (http://www.eurojournals.com/EJSS.htm) (ix) Member in the “Programme Committee” in the IEEE Conference
of UK. (x) Member in the “Progrmme Committee” of the international Conference 9. Patent : N/A 10. Technology Transfer : N/A 11. Research Guidance: Produced six(6)
Ph.D.s. in four different areas of
Computer-Science in IIT(Kharagpur) and in 12. No. of Books Published: My articles are included in chapters in the following four books written by authors of USA, Bulgaria, India and Taiwan. 18. Dr. A. K. Dutta ¢ Fuzzy Search Using Dynamic-Programming Principle This is a new method of fuzzy search using dynamic programming principal as an improvement of fuzzy branch and bound search. Search problems pop up by everywhere. May be it is in the subject of engineering or may be in social science or may be in Decision science and Management, but the problem of search is encountered in all the areas of everyday science. Suppose that you want to find a path from one city to another. Finding a really good path is worth a lot of search time. On the other hand if you want to make the trip once only, then you may be content a soon as you discover a path, without considering the existence of a better path if any. There are methods like depth-first search, breadth-first search etc. are guided by heuristic quality estimates. In this A*, British Museum procedure, branch and bound etc. are interesting. We present here a new method of search using fuzzy technique. Fuzzy set theory initiated by Zadeh (Wiston, P.H., 2000) in 1965 provides a means for representing uncertainties. Wile developing models of physical processes, it is understood that we lack complete information in solving problems. Some of the information we do have about a particular problem might be judgmental perhaps a visceral reaction on the part of decision maker. One prevalent tactics to convey information is our own means of communication natural language. Natural language is a vague and imprecise, but it perhaps the most powerful form of communication and information exchange among human beings. For example, the meaning of “about 6 KM away”, “at least 6 KM away” etc. are not precise. The meaning differs from decision-maker. The powerful tool like fuzzy logic has provided us means for dealing with such terms is our computations for any problem involving them. In the present study we solve search problem using fuzzy logic incorporating dynamic programming principal which is an improvement of the fuzzy branch and bound search method. We write an algorithm for our method and explain the algorithm by an example. ¢ A method of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Search The study of search problem is very common in computer science. AI is one of the many fields in which search is an important topic. We search a file, we search a directory, we search for a character in a file, we search an item in a list etc. are few of infinite number of searching done in computer. There are various methods of searching like Depth-first search (DFS), Breadth-first search (BFS), Hill climbing, Beam search, Best first search existing in the literature. Each method has got independent merit own to address different types of searching in differing situations. All existing searching techniques are not always based on precise data. Consequently, to deal with uncertainty in searching, fuzzy logic and intuitionistic fuzzy logic will be the appropriate tool. In this paper we propose a new type of searching techniques using intuitionistic fuzzy theory of Atanassov [1-8]. The objective of such work is to deal with the imprecise data involved in different kind of existing searching techniques under uncertainty, which will be helpful in many real life problems of computer science specially in AI. ¢ A Method of Intelligent Search The study of search problem is very common in computer science. AI is one of the many fields in which search is an important topic. We search a file, we search a directory, we search for a character in a file, we search an item in a link list etc. are few of infinite number of searching done in computer. There are various methods of searching like Depth-first search (DFS), Breadth-first search (BFS), Hill Climbing, Beam search, Best first search existing in the literature. Each method has got independent merit of its own to address different types of searching in different situations. All existing searching techniques are not always based on precise data. Consequently, to deal with uncertainty in searching, we feel that non-classical logic that fuzzy logic and/or vague fuzzy logic will be the appropriate tool. In this work we have proposed a new type of searching technique using vague theory of Gau and Buehrer. The objective of such work is to deal with the imprecise data involved in different kinds of existing searching techniques in a more efficient ways and thus to suggest a new improved version of searching technique under uncertainty which will be helpful in many real life problems of computer science, specially in AI, in Data Mining, in fuzzy DBMS, etc. to list a few only. ¢ Intuitionistic Fuzzy Search Using Dynamic Programming In this paper the authors propose a new method of dynamic search
using the intuitionistic fuzzy theory of Atanassov. This search
technique is an improvement of our previous work on intuitionistic
fuzzy branch-and-bound search. An algorithm is presented for intuitionistic
fuzzy dynamic search and then explained by an example. In this paper we propose a new type of search technique known as dynamic searching technique using the modern tool like a higher order fuzzy set theory known as intuitionistic fuzzy theory of Atanassov. The objective of such work is to deal with the imprecise data involved in different kind of searching techniques in a more efficient ways and thus to suggest an improved version of searching technique under uncertainty which will be helpful in many real life problems of computer science, specially in AI. ¢ A Method of Intelligent Search to Answer Queries in Relational Databases A new method of search called IF-search to find match for the predicates to answer any imprecise query made by the database users. The method is developed by the application of the intuitionistic fuzzy theory of Atanassov. A corresponding fuzzy method could be developed as a special case of our proposed method. The IF-search method could be easily incorporated in any commercial query language to serve the lay users better. 19. A. K. DUA ¢ IT Strategies for Banking Sector: Current Information Technology trends as followed in Indian banking sector are more towards back office operations. Other progressive and developed countries are offering banks as an investor and portfolio manger by sing the following banking practices: • Customer Transfer to his billing account TRANSFER MODE • IT Methods to REDUCED CHEQUE/ CASH (Paper) • Bank as Investment Manager • Anti-Counterfeit solutions for Cash/Bank Papers by using concept of Radar-based Friend & Foe Identification Principle 2. Overview of Security in Application Development One can secure your application by employing several security mechanisms,
such as firewalls, proxies, secure channels, and authentication
schemes. However, all it takes for a security breach to occur
is for an attacker to find one weakness in your system and to
exploit these security weaknesses one needs to understand drawbacks
of the traditional security models and then explore some important
principles of secure coding. The work covers following areas
of concern, therefore, relating to security in application development
and stresses on a new technique known as STRIDE being adopted
to mitigate the threats by MICROSOFT for their application Development
processes: ¢ Object Oriented Human Computer Interfacing : The research work includes the following areas as: ¨ Mapping of Object Oriented Methods to form the future base of all AI related works and researches. ¨ OO paradigm inherent attempt based on Modularity, Genericity. ¨ Stress on varying values of the similar object culminating to different object instances and behaviour. ¨ Matches exactly to Human handling of objects and events. " provides specific emphasis toward object, State and Behaviour through State Analysis tools like ¨ STD(State Transition Diagram) ¨ OO linkages tools like Venn Diagram and Collaboration Graph has been identified as best methodological base to explore and understand Human behaviour. ¨ OOP thrust to modularize and manipulate to Byte and Bit levels through Union and Bit options opens a hitherto unexplored phenomenon to arrive at micro level calibration of Human functions, attribute and object instances. ¨ Stress therefore of this work envisages first to identify what Human can do as per OO mapping and then arrive at micro level implementation of OO tools and techniques to assess, analyse, interpret and explain. ¨ This would lead to collaboration based analysis of derived human object classes under first disaggregated levels of mind, hand, legs and further derived class disaggregated level. ¢ Rapid Application Development (RAD) : As the software development efforts through traditional Software Development Cycles based models like Water Fall, Spiral and Iterative are increasingly becoming complex and error-prone, Prototyping methodology under Rapid Application Development has become answer to this. § Rapid Application Development (RAD) primarily stresses on View Oriented Top-Down modeling for Software Development. § Visual Programming tools like Visual Basic and Visual C++ are precisely enabling this. § Some basic Components of RAD based Visual Programming environments Enables: § Students are required to study, implement and acquire following
skills: ¢ Visual Programming Techniques: The software development efforts through traditional Software Development Cycles based models like Water Fall, Spiral and Iterative are increasingly becoming complex and error-prone. Prototyping methodology under Visual Programming Techniques of Program Development has become answer to this. Traditional Program cycle used to include stages of writing, compiling, linking, loading and executing programs to get final output. In case there is an error or changes required in the output - cycle of compiling, linking, loading and execution has to be used again until user requirements are not met. Visual Programming Techniques, however, are precisely opposite. A Developer decides about user’s final deliveries or views first and then links it to skeleton of header, compilation code, linking, loading and execution. User/Developer, therefore, gets his output requirement visualized and finalized and then take tedious coding effort. SDLC phase of design covering man-machine, queries and report enables user/developer to complete development of even complex system error free and very fast. Visual Programming Techniques are therefore known as Rapid Application Programming also. Students are required to study, implement and acquire skills of following constituents of Visual Programming Techniques: § Graphic tools § Enabling of windows tools to make develop any user of his own programming environment § User defined own top bars, middle and customised features § User defined own buttons, colours and navigations § Own dynamic linked libraries and components § Genericity, extensibility, reusability integrated development environment ¢ Non – Programmed
MIS approach to Creativity The detractors have pointed out often the damage such thinking can produce and stressed the counteractive effects upon the total organization and its more global goals and mission.Stressing mainly or even only out-of-the-box thinking excludes a wealth of other sources of creativity: in-the-box, no-box, new-box, other-box thinking Immediately jumping out of a box or tearing it down eliminates many possibilities of ideas and solutions in-the-box. If we stay in our box we can examine what has worked?, Information Technology in Banking sector in India is undergoing significant changes and progressing to develop as other western countries Banking Sector. There would be all round improvement with respect to ATM’s operations, Security Threats handling of counterfeit currency & physical security. Banks would be viewed and utilized for investment portfolio and progress and contributor to various sectors as guide and monitor. The work stresses such new roles of IT in Banking sector and spells details of different technology inputs as being envisaged. Research Publications 1. A. K. Dua, Invited talk at RBI, Bombay in July 2005. 20. Ms. Inderjeet Kaur ¢ Intelligent Web Crawler: Software Technology for the new Millennium Many web search engines use the concept of a 'spider' - automated software which goes out onto the web and trawls through the contents of each server it encounters, indexing documents as it finds them. This approach results in the kinds of databases maintained by services such as Alta Vista and Excite - huge indexes to a vast chunk of what's currently available on the web. However, the problems which users can face when using such databases are beginning to be well documented. A recent JISC-funded investigation into the use of web search engines indicates that users can typically encounter a number of difficulties. These include the issue of finding information relevant to their needs, and the problem of information overload. Typically a search on Alta Vista can result in thousands of hits, many of which will not be relevant to a user's enquiry. The size and wide coverage of such a database can make it difficult to quickly and effectively track down relevant information, using the limited searching features which are available. This paper shows why intelligent agents are the logical next step in the evolution of computer software, and what role intelligence will play in the development. Intelligent agents can utilize the spider technology used by traditional web search engines, and employ this in new kinds of ways. Typically, these tools are spiders which can be trained by the user to search the web for specific types of information resources. The agent can be personalized by its owner so that it can build up a picture of individual likes, dislikes and precise information needs. An intelligent agent can also be autonomous - so that it is capable of making judgments about the likely relevance of material. The goal of this paper is to introduce the reader to the basic elements of an intelligent agent, and then apply those elements to a Web search agent to provide the framework for the construction of a simple intelligent Web search agent. An overview of typical artificial intelligence search algorithms will be presented and performance metrics will be discussed. This article presents a collection of ideas and pointers to resources that will hopefully provide some insight and basis for further inquiry into the subject matter. Many of the ideas presented are quite intuitive and there are numerous sources available on the Internet that present complete search agent systems, design considerations, and other valuable resources. ¢ World Wide Web Technology The word wide web is a vast source of information organized in the form of a large distributed hypertext system. Since it is growing at an extremely fast rate, several information tools are being designed and developed to retrieve the pages from the net in a reasonable amount of time. Crawling the web is deceptively simple: the basic algorithm is (a) Fetch a page (b) Parse it to extract all linked URLs (c) For all the URLs not seen before, repeat (a)-(c). This paper provides a framework for the web crawler with more efficient time feature added to it. ¢ Parallel Computing Environments and Methods Recent advances in high-speed networks, rapid improvements in microprocessor design, and availability of highly performing clustering software implementations enables cost-effective high-performance parallel computing on clustered low cost workstations and PCs. Such clusters are very attractive because they rely on available of the shelf hardware and software technologies. To simplify programming in network environments and to realize component based software architectures, many models have emerged as possible standards, namely, RPC: Remote Procedure Call, DCE: Distributed Computing Environment, DCOM: Distributed Component Object Model, CORBA: Common Object Request Broker Architecture, PVM: Parallel Virtual Machine and MPI: Message Passing Interface. The MPI approach is considered one of the most mature methods currently used in parallel programming. MPI implementations on emerging cluster interconnects are an important requirement for useful parallel processing on cost-effective computer clusters. This paper offers an overview of different parallel computing environments and models. Functionality and performance of MPI running on homogeneous and heterogeneous workstation clusters are compared. The project goals, laboratory environment, performance measurements, future work, and a conclusion are presented. ¢ 4th
Generation Wireless Infrastructures ¢ Intelligent Data Mining and Information Retrieval from World Wide Web for E-Business Applications There is a large increase in the amount of information available on World Wide Web and also in number of online databases. This information abundance increases the complexity of locating relevant information. Such a complexity drives the need for improved and intelligent search and retrieval engines. Current search engines are primarily passive instruments. Intelligent Agents can improve the performance of search and retrieval engines. The use of existing search and retrieval engines with the addition of an agent will allow a more comprehensive search with a performance that can be measured. This paper provides the building blocks for integrating intelligent agents with current search engines. It shows how an intelligent system can be constructed to assist in speedy information filtering, information gathering and information retrieval. The research study is unique in the way the agents are directed using an evolutionary Computing algorithm. ¢ Smart Governance in Agriculture & Education This paper provides a conceptual framework for the discussion of the role of education in the field of agriculture. We know that the soldiers and farmers are the most important role players in a country. For socioeconomic development of a country, education of its citizens especially farmers is essential. Although there is an abundance of men power in the developing countries like India, agricultural output is not high as it should have been and the main obstacle is illiteracy. The scientists have designed many new and advanced methods of farming but majority of our farmers are still not familiar with them. Through this paper we have tried to highlight the ways of imparting education among the farmers using the scientific methods, which would help in developing a sense among them towards the use of modern techniques and would play a major role in improving the agricultural production, thus improving their economic condition. ¢ Digital Steganography: Hiding Data within Data Steganography is the art of hiding information. Data hiding research provide tools that can be employed to serve a variety of purposes including digital watermarking and steganography. While steganography has been used in various forms for thousands of years it has become more visible recently due to its application in hiding the plans and communications of terrorists and criminals, as well as extreme pornography, in seemingly harmless image, video and audio multimedia files for transmission over the Internet. The study of information hiding aims at establishing the achievable rates and the design of methods for conveying a message signal embedded in a cover signal, in an imperceptible and reliable way This article describes the basic concepts of steganography, its application to digital files and practical implementations, like additive and quantization based methodologies, in terms of performance. Research Publications: 1. Inderjeet Kaur, Varun Kumar, Puneet Goswami “Intelligent Web Crawler: Software Technology for the New Millennium” proceedings of national conference on Information Technology: Settings Trends in Modern Era & 8th Annual Conference of Indian Society of Information Theory and Applications in March 2006. 2. Puneet Goswami, Varun Kumar, Inderjeet Kaur “A Conceptual Framework for an Efficient Web Crawler using JAVA” proceeding of National Conference on Information Technology & Its Applications held at Bharti Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, N. Delhi in April 2006. 3. Inderjeet Kaur, Varun Kumar, Puneet Goswami “Parallel Computing Environments and Methods” proceedings of National Conference on Contribution of Mathematics in Technological Development sponsored by AICTE & DST held at Institute of Technology & Management, Gurgaon in May 2006. 4. Ashish Sharma,Inderjeet Kaur,Saurabh Shukla “4th Generation Wireless Infrastructure” proceeding of National Conference on Innovative Applications of IT and Management for Economic Growth of India held at Apeejay Institute Of Management, Jalandhar in April 2006. 5. A.K.Dutta,Inderjeet Kaur, Ashish Sharma “Intelligent Data Mining and Information Retrival from WWW for E-Business Applications” proceeding of National Conference on Information Technology & Its Applications held at Bharti Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, N. Delhi in April 2006. 6. Inderjeet Kaur,Ajit Singh, Kapil Chaodhary “Smart Governance in Agriculture and Education” proceedings of national seminar on Smart Governance in Rural Development sponsored by AICTE held at India Habitate Centre, Lodhi Road, N.Delhi in Feb 2006. 7. Inderjeet Kaur, Harish Saini “Digital Steganography: Hiding Data within Data” proceedings of National Conference on Advanced Communication Methods held at Seth Jai Prakash Mukand Lal Institute of Technology, Radaur in July 2005 21. Mr. Varun Kumar ¢ Artificial Life : An Evolution Theory: Can a machine reproduce? Can software be evolved? How are sophisticated robots built to function in a human environment? These are some of the issues confronted by researchers in artificial life, a young field on the rise that has been gaining acceptance over the past few years. Artificial Life has its roots in the fertile landscapes of biology and computer science. Known to many as “AL” or “A Life”, this branch of science seeks to cultivate synthetic, life like behaviors such as growth, adaptation, reproduction, socialization, learning, and even death. Not being confined to the recipe of our primordial soup, Alife scientists can utilize synthetic ingredients, computer programs that compress time, and other wondrous technologies as they seek to generate neomorphic behaviors and incarnations. ¢ Decision Through Knowledge Mining: The aim of the study is to give an exposure to the use of knowledge for decision making rather than making decisions on the basis of simple information. Traditionally, organizations use data tactically, but in this era of competition leading organizations should use data strategically to meet the challenges timely and effectively. Knowledge mining creates knowledge assets that an organization can leverage to achieve their strategic objectives. This paper describes the dynamic impact of knowledge mining in decision making while working with decision support system via case study. The study is based on secondary data, which has been collected from the reliable sources whose identification has been kept hidden due to the privacy matter. The study, thus, provides evidence that knowledge mining helps in taking better than the best decisions. ¢ Tradition Online Transaction processing System: The amount of data accumulated each day by various business, scientific, and governmental organizations around the world is daunting. According to information from GTE research center, only scientific organizations store each day about 1 TB (terabyte!) of new information. And it is well known that academic world is by far not the leading supplier of new data. It becomes impossible for human analysts to cope with such overwhelming amounts of data. Traditional on-line transaction processing systems, OLTPs, are good at putting data into databases quickly, safely and efficiently but are not good at delivering meaningful analysis in return. Analyzing data can provide further knowledge about a business by going beyond the data explicitly stored to derive knowledge about the business. This is where Data Mining or Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) has obvious benefits for any enterprise. ¢ Rural Development Strategy: “Just as the whole universe is contained in the Self, so is India contained in the villages”. This has been said by none other than Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of our Nation and the visionary architect of India’s Rural Development Programmes. The villages epitomize the soul of India. With more than 70% of the Indian population living in rural areas, rural India reflects the very essence of Indian culture and tradition. No wonder then that a holistic development of India as a Nation rests on a sustained and holistic development of rural India. This write-up gives an overview of the Rural Development strategy adopted by Government of India and major e-governance initiatives that have been undertaken in the RD domain, in particular by NIC. E-governance has been considered as an ideal tool to speed up the development process by developing countries all over the world, especially in the case of isolated rural communities. However, e-governance has not yet been effectively implemented in these communities because of various economic, social, and geographical reasons. This paper first identifies the major problems facing the isolated rural communities and the problems that e-governance has the potential to solve. The various operational and infrastructure problems associated with implementing e-governance are then discussed, along with possible solutions. The paper is an attempt to match the needs of isolated areas, e-governance potential for these areas, and infrastructure needed to develop the isolated rural areas. ¢ Efficient Web Crawler Many web search engines use the concept of a 'spider' - automated software which goes out onto the web and trawls through the contents of each server it encounters, indexing documents as it finds them. This approach results in the kinds of databases maintained by services such as Alta Vista and Excite - huge indexes to a vast chunk of what's currently available on the web. These include the issue of finding information relevant to their needs, and the problem of information overload - when far too much information is returned from a search. Typically, a search on Alta Vista can result in thousands of hits, many of which will not be relevant to a user's enquiry. The size and wide coverage of such a database can make it difficult to quickly and effectively track down relevant information, using the limited searching features which are available. This paper shows why intelligent agents are the logical next step in the evolution of computer software, and what role intelligence will play in the development. Intelligent agents can utilize the spider technology used by traditional web search engines, and employ this in new kinds of ways. Typically, these tools are spiders which can be trained by the user to search the web for specific types of information resources. The goal of this paper is to introduce the reader to the basic elements of an intelligent agent, and then apply those elements to a Web search agent to provide the framework for the construction of a simple intelligent Web search agent. An overview of typical artificial intelligence search algorithms will be presented and performance metrics will be discussed. This article presents a collection of ideas and pointers to resources that will hopefully provide some insight and basis for further inquiry into the subject matter. Many of the ideas presented are quite intuitive and there are numerous sources available on the Internet that present complete search agent systems, design considerations, and other valuable resources. ¢ Parallel Computing Environment Methods: The word wide web is a vast source of information organized in the form of a large distributed hypertext system. Since it is growing at an extremely fast rate, several information tools are being designed and developed to retrieve the pages from the net in a reasonable amount of time. This paper provides a framework for the web crawler with more efficient time feature added to it. ¢ Distributed Computing Environment Recent advances in high-speed networks, rapid improvements in microprocessor design, and availability of highly performing clustering software implementations enables cost-effective high-performance parallel computing on clustered low cost workstations and PCs. Such clusters are very attractive because they rely on available of the shelf hardware and software technologies. To simplify programming in network environments and to realize component based software architectures, many models have emerged as possible standards, namely, RPC: Remote Procedure Call, DCE: Distributed Computing Environment, DCOM: Distributed Component Object Model, CORBA: Common Object Request Broker Architecture, PVM: Parallel Virtual Machine and MPI: Message Passing Interface. The MPI approach is considered one of the most mature methods currently used in parallel programming. MPI implementations on emerging cluster interconnects are an important requirement for useful parallel processing on cost-effective computer clusters. This paper offers an overview of different parallel computing environments and models. Functionality and performance of MPI running on homogeneous and heterogeneous workstation clusters are compared. The project goals, laboratory environment, performance measurements, future work, and a conclusion are presented. ¢ Research Publications 1. Dr. Dharminder Kumar, Varun Kumar, “Artificial Life: An Evolution Theory”, Proceedings of National Seminar on held at Dept of CSE, GJU, Hisar in Aug 2002. 2. Dr. Dharminder Kumar, Varun Kumar, Shikha Kakkar, “Decision through knowledge Mining: A dynamic approach to Decision Making” Proceedings of National Seminar on held at Dept of BM, GJU, Hisar in Feb 2004. 3. Varun Kumar, Deepak Dembla, “Optimized Solutions Through Heuristics Programming: A Dynamic Approach for Complex Decision Making” Proceedings of State Level Conference sponsored by NAAC Bangalore at DN College, Hisar in Jan 2005. 4. Varun Kumar, Deepak Dembla “Clustering Based Response Model for Customized Financial Services: A Data Mining Tool for Business Intelligence” Proceedings of National Seminar sponsored by UGC held at Dept of BM, GJU, Hisar in March 2005. 5. Varun Kumar,” Knowledge Extraction From Raw Data: An Introduction to Data Mining” in the journal of Dept. of CSE & IT, Institute of Technology & Management, Gurgaon in Dec 2005. 6. Puneet Goswami, Sanket Viz, Varun Kumar, Deepak “Applications & Challenges in the Implementation of E-Governance for Rural Development” proceedings of national seminar on Smart Governance in Rural Development sponsored by AICTE held at India Habitate Centre, Lodhi Road, N.Delhi in Feb 2006. 7. Inderjeet Kaur, Varun Kumar, Puneet Goswami “Intelligent Web Crawler: Software Technology for the New Millennium” proceedings of national conference on Information Technology: Settings Trends in Modern Era & 8th Annual Conference of Indian Society of Information Theory and Applications in March 2006. 8. Puneet Goswami, Varun Kumar, Inderjeet Kaur “A Conceptual Framework for an Efficient Web Crawler using JAVA” proceeding of National Conference on Information Technology & Its Applications held at Bharti Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, N. Delhi in April 2006. 9. Kaur Inderjeet, Kumar Varun, Goswami Puneet, “Parallel Computing Environment and Methods” proceeding of National Conference on the “Contribution of Mathematics in Technological Development” Organized by The Department of Computer Science & Humanities, Institute of Technology & Management, Gurgaon in May 2006. 10. Varun Kumar, Puneet Goswami, Dr. A. K. Sharma, “Intelligent e-Commerce with Agent-mediated Knowledge Acquisition for user profiling: A Smarter Approach to Intelligent Business”, Voyager – The Journal of Compute Science & Information Technology, Vol. 3, No. 1 (2006) 25-29. ISSN 0973-4872 11. Varun Kumar, “Intelligent Data Mining: Data Mining Powered by Artificial Intelligence”, Voyager – The Journal of Compute Science & Information Technology, Vol. 3, No. 1 (2006) 44-47. ISSN 0973-4872 12. Rajan Vohra, Varun Kumar, Shibu John, “Empowering Primary Health Care Services through E-Governance - A Case Study from Delhi Government” proceeding of PRADANYA 2006 - National Conference on Health Care in 2020: Opportunities and Challenges before Public Health, Hospital & Pharmaceutical Sectors in India, Organized by Indian Institute of Health Management Research (IIHMR), Jaipur (Rajasthan) in November 2006 13. Varun Kumar, Afshar Alam, Rajan Vohra, “Intelligent e-Commerce with Web Data Mining: A Smarter Approach to Intelligent Business”, Voyager – The Journal of Compute Science & Information Technology, Vol. 4, No. 1 (2006) 38-41. ISSN 0973-4872 14. Puneet Goswami, Varun Kumar, Anuj Sharma, “A Framework for Intelligent Meta Search Engine”, Voyager – The Journal of Compute Science & Information Technology, Vol. 4, No. 1 (2006) 15-19. ISSN 0973-4872 15. Co-author of Book on “Problem Solving and Computer Programming using C”, Excel Books N. Delhi, 2005, ISBN 81 – 7446 – 434 – 4. 16. Proce | |||||
